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Abstract: Cigarette roundness is an important quality parameter in the tobacco industry. In order to solve the problem that traditional industry roundness measurement methods are time-consuming, laborious and inaccurate, a non-contact cigarette roundness evaluation method based on the least squares method is proposed to evaluate the cigarette end roundness. To evaluate the accuracy, the method first initially identifies the edge through the Canny operator, then uses the morphological closing operation to eliminate the edge burrs, then fills the inside of the edge through connectivity analysis, and finally uses the Sobel operator to identify the final edge. Use the least squares method on the processed image to fit the fitting circle of the cigarette end face contour. By calculating the obtained fitting circle, the calculation result of the cigarette end face roundness is obtained. Since the calculation result is a pixel distance, it needs to be converted into the actual size, using the pixel equivalent calibration method to determine the conversion coefficient, and finally obtain the roundness of the cigarette end face. The experimental results show that the relative error of the results obtained by machine vision measurement is less than 2%, indicating that this method can effectively evaluate the roundness of the end face of cigarettes.Abstract: Cigarette roundness is an important quality parameter in the tobacco industry. In order to solve the problem that traditional industry roundness measurement methods are time-consuming, laborious and inaccurate, a non-contact cigarette roundness evaluation method based on the least squares method is proposed to evaluate the cigarette end roundness. ...Learn More
Abstract: Increasingly serious energy and environmental problems have led to a growing interest in the study of biomass energy. Isobutanol (2-methyl-1-propanol) has become a new generation of biofuel with excellent characteristics such as high octane number, high energy density, low vapor pressure, low hygroscopicity, etc., and it is an ideal component for gasoline blending. However, this important compound is mainly produced by chemical synthesis, which not only consumes limited non-renewable human resources but also pollutes the environment. Compared with traditional chemical synthesis, microbial fermentation has the advantages of mild conditions, easy operation, few by-products, environmental protection, energy saving, and cost reduction, especially the easy availability of raw materials and the utilization of renewable resources indicating its promising development prospect. This review summarized the production of isobutanol by fermentation, especially the pioneer work on improving the isobutanol titer in the fermentation broth. For the bioisobutanol fermentation, another challenge is to recover this compound from the fermentation broth efficiently. The current methods using distillation have the disadvantage of being too energy-intensive, raising the cost of the fermentation method. Adsorption, gas stripping, membrane osmotic vaporization, membrane extraction, and liquid-liquid extraction, including salting-out, are new methods for the separation of bio-based isobutanol, which are very important for more efficient recovery of bio-isobutanol. The advantages and disadvantages of each separation technique were summarized. The large amount of water in the isobutanol fermentation broth results in high energy consumption for its separation, and also reduces the sugar load of the fermentation, and increases the amount of water used for fermentation. Further development of microorganisms that can increase solvent titer or methods for in-situ product removal should be developed to improve the market competitiveness of bioisobutanol..Abstract: Increasingly serious energy and environmental problems have led to a growing interest in the study of biomass energy. Isobutanol (2-methyl-1-propanol) has become a new generation of biofuel with excellent characteristics such as high octane number, high energy density, low vapor pressure, low hygroscopicity, etc., and it is an ideal component for g...Learn More
Abstract: Aramid fiber is a new type of high-tech synthetic fiber, because of its chemically inert surface, the fiber surface is usually modified by physical or chemical methods to enhance the interface properties with aramid fiber composites. Based on the Web of Science core collection database, this paper uses the research method of bibliometric research to retrieve the relevant literature on surface modification of aramid fiber from 2008 to 2022, and uses VOSviewer econometric analysis software to analyze the research situation of surface modification of aramid fiber in recent years, and expounds the research status, progress and hot topics of surface modification of aramid fiber. The results show that the surface modification of aramid fiber has received widespread attention worldwide, with an exponential increase in publications since 2015, accounting for about 85% of the total during the study period from 2015 to 2022. Related research is mostly published in high-level journals such as Elsevier and Wiley, and has high academic influence. Most of the relevant research in this field focuses on the methods and applications of aramid fiber surface modification, focusing on the influence of fiber material surface modification on the structural properties of its composites. The research topics are closely related to each other, and have strong correlation and complementarity.Abstract: Aramid fiber is a new type of high-tech synthetic fiber, because of its chemically inert surface, the fiber surface is usually modified by physical or chemical methods to enhance the interface properties with aramid fiber composites. Based on the Web of Science core collection database, this paper uses the research method of bibliometric research t...Learn More
Abstract: [Objective] By exploring the biological characteristics and artificial scale breeding technology of Papilio bianor Cramer, the artificial scale breeding technology system was established in Chongqing, providing a strong guarantee for the resource development, utilization and protection of P. bianor. [Methods] Adult insects were introduced into the field and artificially bred in the insect Innovation base of Chongqing Normal University at a temperature of 25-30°C and a humidity of 70%±5%. The detailed growth and biological characteristics of P. bianor were observed and recorded at various developmental stages. And then summed up the technical method system of the artificial large-scale breeding of Papilio bianor in Chongqing area. [Results] The growth and development process and biological characteristics of each developmental stage of P. bianor were observed and recorded, and the generation of P. bianor was successfully carried out in indoor, and a complete set of artificial large-scale breeding technology system was established. [Conclusion] Based on the breeding technology system established in this study, the growth and development of P. bianor in all stages of indoor breeding are good, and the offspring can be successfully bred. The results of this study provide technical guidance for the large-scale breeding of P. bianor, and have important significance for the protection and resource utilization of this species.Abstract: [Objective] By exploring the biological characteristics and artificial scale breeding technology of Papilio bianor Cramer, the artificial scale breeding technology system was established in Chongqing, providing a strong guarantee for the resource development, utilization and protection of P. bianor. [Methods] Adult insects were introduced into the ...Learn More
Abstract: As the fine chemical raw material, resorcinol is widely used in pharmaceuticals, rubber, plastics, dyestuffs and other fields. In Chinese medicine field, resorcinol is currently only used as an API in compounded topical preparations, with fewer applications in other areas. At present, the main industrial methods for synthesizing resorcinol are benzene sulfonation alkaline dissolution method and m-diisopropylbenzene oxidation method, which have advantages such as high yield and few by-products. However, it also has the disadvantages of harsh reaction conditions and chemical pollution. Therefore, how to design a simpler, greener and more environmentally friendly synthetic method to make up for the shortcomings has become a hot research topic at present. With the study of synthetic methods for resorcinol, resorcinolamine hydrolysis, m-dichlorobenzene hydrolysis, copper sulfate hydrolysis, m-dibenzoic acid oxidation, aromatization, phenol hydroxylation, etc. could also be used for the industrial synthesis of resorcinol. This paper outlines the current process synthesis methods of resorcinol, and summarizes and prospects the research progress of in our country.Abstract: As the fine chemical raw material, resorcinol is widely used in pharmaceuticals, rubber, plastics, dyestuffs and other fields. In Chinese medicine field, resorcinol is currently only used as an API in compounded topical preparations, with fewer applications in other areas. At present, the main industrial methods for synthesizing resorcinol are benz...Learn More
