高压反冲洗水泵汽蚀故障探析
福建福清核电有限公司, 维修处, 福建福清 350318
| 摘 要： | 为了找到实际工作中遇到的高压反冲洗水泵故障根本原因，从联轴器螺栓强度、磨擦过载、排气不充分几个方面逐一排查，对汽蚀危害进行研究并结合水泵汽蚀条件进行分析，研究结果表明引起高压反冲洗水泵机械密封损坏、轴承损坏、联轴器螺栓变形、泵壳口环骑缝螺钉变形等一系列问题的根本原因是排气不充分所导致，排气不充分造成泵无出力，泵无出力运行引起泵内介质温度升高，进而发生汽化，最终导致汽蚀，汽泡在泵壳口环近壁面处溃灭，形成冲击波，从而导致泵壳口环受力增大，泵转动阻力增大，骑缝螺钉过载，电机运行电流偏高，联轴器螺栓变形。防止高压反冲洗水泵发生汽蚀故障，需保证泵的运行流量处于最小流量与临界汽蚀流量这一安全区间之内运行，流量过小或过大均会导致高压反冲洗水泵发生汽蚀。 |
| 关 键 词： | 反冲洗水泵; 故障分析; 汽蚀; 运行 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.se.2023.06.002 |
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收稿日期: 2023-10-22
接受日期: 2023-11-13
在线出版日期: 2023-11-27
Fault Analysis and Treatment of High-Pressure Backwash Water Pump
Maintenance Department, Fujian Fuqing Nuclear Power CO.LTD, Fuqing 350318, China
| Abstract: | In order to find the root cause of the failure of the high-pressure backwash water pump encountered in practical work, the root cause of a series of problems such as coupling bolt strength, friction overload and insufficient exhaust is investigated one by one, and the cavitation hazard is studied and analyzed in combination with the cavitation conditions of the pump, and the research results show that the root cause of a series of problems such as mechanical seal damage, bearing damage, coupling bolt deformation, and deformation of the pump casing mouth ring riding joint screw is caused by insufficient exhaust, and insufficient exhaust causes the pump to have no output. The pump does not run out of force, causing the temperature of the medium in the pump to rise, and then vaporization occurs, which eventually leads to cavitation, and the bubble collapses on the near wall surface of the pump casing mouth ring, forming a shock wave, resulting in an increase in the force of the pump casing mouth ring, an increase in the rotation resistance of the pump, overload of the riding joint screw, high motor running current, and deformation of the coupling bolt. To prevent cavitation failure of the high-pressure backwash pump, it is necessary to ensure that the operating flow of the pump is operated within the safe range of minimum flow and critical cavitation flow, and the flow rate is too small or too large will cause cavitation of the high-pressure backwash pump. |
| Keywords: | Backwash Water Pump; Failure Analysis; Cavitation; Operation |
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