工业重金属污水处理工艺的研究进展
石家庄学院, 化工学院石家庄市低碳能源材料重点实验室, 河北石家庄 050035
| 摘 要： | 随着现代工业的飞速发展，重金属废水的种类与排放量也与日俱增，重金属污水具有不可生物降解性，且排放标准也随着人们对于健康的不断要求而更新迭代。基于国内处理工业重金属污水的现状，本文综述了重金属污水的来源与处理现状以及国内外从传统到现代化常用的处理工业污水的技术与工艺，介绍了物理、化学、生物处理法对含重金属工业污水进行处理在实际应用中的优缺点，对高级氧化技术以及生物处理法的发展趋势进行展望。生物处理法具有原料丰富、环境友好无污染等特点，但现阶段生物技术研究不成熟，应用不广泛，若系统应用于工业处理重金属污水仍需进一步的研究。由重金属污水处理工艺发展而来的重金属污水处理设备或系统较少，对于连续操作、自动化、规模化处理重金属污水问题仍待探究。从重金属废水处理后的污泥中提炼回收重金属在资源开发与利用领域也存在发展空间。本文回顾了处理重金属污水的方法并对其进行了评估，以期为工业重金属废水日后的大规模工业化发展指出研究方向，提供实际应用参考。 |
| 关 键 词： | 重金属污水; 回收; 处理工艺; 降解 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.res.2023.02.003 |
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收稿日期: 2023-03-28
接受日期: 2023-05-23
在线出版日期: 2023-06-15
Research Progress of Industrial Heavy Metal Wastewater Treatment Process
Shijiazhuang Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Energy Materials, College of Chemical Technology, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| Abstract: | With the rapid development of modern industry, the types and emissions of heavy metal wastewater are also increasing day by day. Heavy metal wastewater is non biodegradable, and discharge standards are also updated and iterated with people's continuous requirements for health. Based on the current situation of industrial heavy metal wastewater treatment in China, this paper summarizes the sources and treatment status of heavy metal wastewater, as well as the commonly used technologies and processes for industrial wastewater treatment from traditional to modern at home and abroad, introduces the advantages and disadvantages of physical, chemical and biological treatment methods for industrial wastewater containing heavy metals in practical applications, and looks forward to the development trend of Advanced oxidation process and biological treatment methods. The biological treatment method has the characteristics of rich raw materials, environmentally friendly and pollution-free, but at present, the research on biotechnology is not mature and its application is not widespread. If the system is applied to industrial treatment of heavy metal wastewater, further research is still needed. There are few heavy metal wastewater treatment equipment or systems developed from heavy metal wastewater treatment processes, and the issues of continuous operation, automation, and large-scale treatment of heavy metal wastewater still need to be explored. There is also room for development in the field of resource development and utilization by extracting and recovering heavy metals from sludge after heavy metal wastewater treatment. This article reviews the methods for treating heavy metal wastewater and evaluates them, with the aim of pointing out research directions and providing practical application references for the large-scale industrial development of industrial heavy metal wastewater in the future. |
| Keywords: | Heavy Metal Sewage; Recycling; Treatment Process; Degradation |
基金
| 1. | 河北省自然科学基金青年基金 (B2021106003) |
| 2. | 河北省高等学校青年拔尖人才计划项目 (BJ2021097) |
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