南北极海冰的对比分析
河南工业大学, 信息科学与工程学院, 河南郑州 450001
| 摘 要： | 极地对全球的气候变化有深远影响，因为极地是全球最大的冷源之一。海冰是极地的主要影响因素，对热量的传递影响较大，进而影响全球气候系统。近二十年来，北极海冰逐年减少，而南极海冰却有增加趋势。利用被动卫星遥感数据对极地海冰进行长时间的观测与研究分析，将为研究全球气候变化提供重要理论依据，为极地海冰研究提供重要数据源。本研究利用1998-2018年南极和北极海冰密集度数据进行时空变化对比分析，找出南北极海冰变化情况。采用美国国防气象卫星DMSP的SSM/I数据和NASA TEAM算法，将1998-2018年海冰数据进行对比分析。具体流程是利用NASA TEAM算法对南北极海冰进行反演，得到多年冰、一年冰、整体海冰密集度数据，进而确定海冰面积。通过对比分析得出：南极海冰面积明显大于北极，两者变化趋势相似，南极、北极整体海冰呈减少趋势，北极整体海冰减少幅度较大；多年冰面积北极大于南极，北极多年冰的下降趋势大于南极；南极的一年冰总量大于北极，两者都有上升趋势，而北极上升幅度更大；整体海冰下降，多年冰减少而一年冰增加，以上结果表明：南极、北极海冰有多年冰向一年冰转化的趋势；南极多年冰主要分布在威德尔海，稳定存在区域占多年冰面积的60%；南极以一年冰为主，一年冰稳定存在区域占一年冰总面积的80.1%；北极多年冰主要存在于北冰洋中心区域，北极多年冰稳定存在的区域仅占35.06%；北极一年冰主要分布在多年冰外围，稳定存在区域占一年冰总面积的48.5%。 |
| 关 键 词： | 南极; 北极; NASA TEAM算法; 海冰; 时空变化 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.res.2023.02.001 |
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收稿日期: 2022-12-07
接受日期: 2023-03-08
在线出版日期: 2023-05-25
Comparative Analysis of Sea Ice Between the Antarctic and the Arctic
School of Information Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| Abstract: | Polar regions have a profound impact on global climate change, because polar regions are one of the world’s largest sources of cold. Sea ice is the main influencing factor in the polar regions, which has a great influence on the heat transfer, which in turn affects the global climate system. In the past two decades, Arctic sea ice has decreased year by year, while Antarctic sea ice has increased. The use of passive satellite remote sensing data for long-term observation and analysis of polar sea ice will provide an important theoretical basis for studying global climate change and an important data source for polar sea ice research. This study uses the data of the Antarctic and Arctic sea ice density data from 1998 to 2018 to compare and analyze the changes in time and space to find out the changes of the sea ice in the south and Arctic. Using the SSM / I data of the US National Defense Meteorological Satellite and the NASA TEAM algorithm, the sea ice data from 1998 to 2018 was compared and analyzed. The specific process is to use the NASA TEAM algorithm to invert the Arctic and Arctic sea ice, obtain multi-year ice, one-year ice, and overall sea ice density data, and then determine the sea ice area. Through comparative analysis, it is found that the area of Antarctic sea ice is significantly larger than that of the North Pole, and the change trend of the two is similar. The downward trend is greater than that of the South Pole; the total annual ice volume of the South Pole is greater than that of the North Pole, both of which have an upward trend, and the Arctic has a greater increase; the overall sea ice has fallen, and the multi-year ice has decreased while the annual ice has increased. Sea ice has a tendency to transform from multi-year ice to one-year ice; Antarctic multi-year ice is mainly distributed in the Weddell Sea, with stable areas accounting for 60% of the multi-year ice area; Antarctica is dominated by one-year ice, and one-year ice stable area accounts for one 80.1% of the total annual ice area; Arctic multi-year ice mainly exists in the central area of the Arctic Ocean. The Arctic multi-year ice stable area only accounts for 35.06%; the Arctic one-year ice is mainly distributed around the multi-year ice periphery, and the stable existence area accounts for the total annual ice area 48.5%. |
| Keywords: | Antarctic; Arctic; NASA TEAM Algorithms; Sea Ice; Spatiotemporal Change |
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