AlSi10Mg活塞结构优化与SLM 3D打印工艺研究
1. 北京交通大学, 机械与电子控制工程学院, 北京 100044
2. 中国兵器工业集团第五二研究所, 浙江宁波 315100
3. 中国第一汽车集团有限公司技术中心, 吉林长春 130062
4. 江苏科技大学, 海洋装备研究院, 江苏镇江 212100
| 摘 要： | 基于拓扑优化与选择性激光熔化（SLM）3D打印，设计制造轻量化AlSi10Mg活塞，提高引擎动力输出。建立传热/结构力学模型，优化活塞裙部、环形内冷油道、支撑结构，评估打印过程。分析打印精度、微观组织、力学性能，装机后评估动力输出。结果表明，截面为梯形，环形内冷油道耐热/力载荷性最强，顶点坐标分别为(26.3,3)、(28.3,3)、(28.3,9)、(27.3,9)，体积由55359 mm3降至46715 mm3。销孔与头部下端面设支撑，最大位移在裙部内表面与头部上端面间拐角位置，为0.57 mm，裙部外表面位置次之，为0.29 mm，裙部上端面位置最小，为0.15 mm。室温组织主要为共晶（α-Al+Si）与少量Al2Cu。300°C×2 h退火，杨氏模量为68.8 GPa，屈服强度为244.5 MPa，抗拉强度为366.6 GPa，断裂应变为3%，泊松比为0.31，维氏硬度为1230.9 MPa。装机后，三缸引擎最大转速由3710 RPM增至3920 RPM，最大轴上马力由100 BHP增至112 BHP。 |
| 关 键 词： | 活塞; AlSi10Mg; 结构优化; SLM; 力学性能; 动力输出 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.mater.2024.04.001 |
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收稿日期: 2024-06-22
接受日期: 2024-07-10
在线出版日期: 2024-07-18
Study on Structural Optimization and SLM 3D Printing Process of AlSi10Mg Piston
1. School of Mechanical, Electronic and Control Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
2. 52 Institute of China North Industries Group, Ningbo 315100, China
3. China FAW Group Technology Center, Changchun 130062, China
4. Marine Equipment and Technology Institute, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China
| Abstract: | Using topology optimization and selective laser melting (SLM) 3D printing, lightweight AlSi10Mg pistons are designed and manufactured to enhance engine power output. A heat transfer/structural mechanical model is established, optimizing piston skirt, annular internal cooling oil passage, support structure, and evaluation of the printing process. Printing accuracy, microstructure, mechanical properties, and post-installation power output are analyzed. Results indicate a trapezoidal cross section, with the annular cold oil passage exhibiting superior heat resistance/load capacity. Vertex coordinates are (26.3,3), (28.3,3), (28.3,9), and (27.3,9). Volume reduced from 55359 mm3 to 46715 mm3. Pin hole and head lower end are supported, with maximum displacement at the upper end face corner of the skirt inner surface-head, 0.57 mm. Outer skirt surface displacement is 0.29 mm, while skirt upper end face displacement is minimal, 0.15 mm. Room temperature structure is primarily eutectic (α-Al+Si) with minor Al2Cu. Annealed at 300°C for 2 h, Young's modulus is 68.8 GPa, yield strength is 244.5 MPa, tensile strength is 366.6 GPa, fracture strain is 3%, Poisson's ratio is 0.31, and Vickers hardness is 1230.9 MPa. After installation, the maximum speed of the three-cylinder engine increases from 3710 RPM to 3920 RPM, and the maximum shaft horsepower increases from 100 BHP to 112 BHP. |
| Keywords: | Piston; AlSi10Mg; Structural Optimization; SLM; Mechanical Properties; Power Output |
基金
| 1. | 国家自然科学基金 (基金号: 52371129) |
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