超疏水防冰表面研究进展
安徽工业大学, 建筑工程学院, 安徽马鞍山 243002
| 摘 要： | 金属表面结冰问题严重影响建筑和航空航天等众多领域的发展，甚至会造成重大安全隐患和经济损失，解决金属表面结冰和积冰难题迫在眉睫。传统的防冰除冰法不仅价格高昂，而且效率低下，因此亟需开发出新一代防冰除冰技术。随着仿生学的不断发展，受“荷叶效应”启发，具有高接触角和低接触角滞后的超疏水表面逐渐受到广泛关注。新兴的超疏水表面不仅具有优异的防冰和除冰性能，而且具有能耗低和效率高等众多优势，展现出良好的应用前景。本文介绍了近些年来超疏水表面的制备方法，探讨了超疏水防冰表面的影响因素及其内在机理，总结了智能响应型超疏水表面防冰除冰技术。此外，针对超疏水防冰表面在低温下的长期耐久性与稳定性、大规模制备以及未来智能响应型超疏水表面的发展等问题进行了展望。 |
| 关 键 词： | 超疏水表面; 润湿性; 微纳结构; 防冰; 除冰 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.mater.2022.01.002 |
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收稿日期: 2022-09-07
接受日期: 2022-09-29
在线出版日期: 2022-11-01
Research Progress of Superhydrophobic Surfaces for Anti-icing
School of Architectural and Civil Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma’anshan 243002, China
| Abstract: | The problem of icing on metal surface seriously affects the development of many fields, such as architecture, aerospace, it can even causes significant security risks and economic losses. Thus, it is urgent to solve the problem of icing and ice accumulation on metal surfaces. The traditional anti-icing and deicing methods are not only expensive, but also inefficient. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new generation of anti-icing and deicing technology. With the continuous development of bionics, inspired by the "lotus leaf effect", superhydrophobic surfaces, which exhibit large contact angle and low contact angle hysteresis have gradually attracted large numbers of attentions. The burgeoning superhydrophobic surfaces not only display excellent anti-icing and deicing performance, but also exhibit many advantages such as low energy consumption and high efficiency, showing good application prospect. In this paper, the fabrication methods of superhydrophobic surfaces in recent years was introduced, the influencing factors and internal mechanism of superhydrophobic surfaces for anti-icing was discussed, the anti-icing and deicing techniques of intelligent responsive superhydrophobic surfaces was summarized. In addition, the long-term durability and stability of superhydrophobic surfaces for anti-icing under low temperatures, large-scale fabrication and the future development of intelligent responsive superhydrophobic surfaces were prospected. |
| Keywords: | Superhydrophobic Surfaces; Wettability; Micro-nano Structure; Anti-icing; De-icing |
基金
| 1. | 国家自然科学基金(No.52201056) |
| 2. | 安徽省高校科学研究重点项目(No.KJ2021A0377) |
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