任务驱动的直升机应急救援路径规划研究
1. 重庆交通大学, 交通运输学院, 重庆 400074
2. 重庆交通大学, 航空学院, 重庆 400074
| 摘 要： | 近年来，国内外各类自然灾害和突发事件频发，应急救援的需求逐渐增加。直升机以其救援速度快、效率高、专业性强等优越性在应急救援中得到广泛应用，但是在直升机应急救援中的路径规划缺少任务驱动的考虑，易造成直升机应急救援效率的不足，并且往往会忽略任务环境的影响，造成救援任务的失败甚至是直升机事故。本研究根据直升机应急救援任务的分类，重点研究了灭火和医疗救护两种任务的救援需求和特点。在考虑复杂地形环境对救援任务威胁的基础上，通过理论分析、建模仿真，利用A*算法规划出直升机在灭火和医疗救护任务下的可行路径，并利用ArcGIS中的高程数据获得飞行高度轨迹。通过合理规划直升机的飞行路径和高度轨迹，可以最大程度地避免地形威胁，提高救援任务的成功率，并确保直升机和乘员的安全。 |
| 关 键 词： | 直升机应急救援; 任务驱动; 路径规划; 救援效率 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.jsts.2024.01.002 |
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收稿日期: 2023-12-30
接受日期: 2024-02-05
在线出版日期: 2024-03-11
Task-Driven Research on Helicopter Emergency Rescue Path Planning
1. College of Traffic and Transportation, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
2. School of Aeronautics, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing 400074, China
| Abstract: | In recent years, various natural disasters and emergencies have occurred frequently at home and abroad, and the demand for emergency rescue has gradually increased. Helicopters are widely used in emergency rescue due to their advantages such as fast rescue speed, high efficiency, and strong professionalism. However, the path planning in helicopter emergency rescue lacks mission-driven considerations, which can easily lead to insufficient helicopter emergency rescue efficiency, and often the impact of the mission environment will be ignored, resulting in the failure of the rescue mission or even a helicopter accident. Based on the classification of helicopter emergency rescue missions, this study focuses on the rescue needs and characteristics of fire extinguishing and medical rescue missions. On the basis of considering the threat of complex terrain environment to rescue missions, through theoretical analysis, modeling and simulation, the A* algorithm is used to plan the feasible path of the helicopter in fire-fighting and medical rescue missions, and the altitude data in ArcGIS is used to obtain the flight height trajectory. By properly planning the helicopter's flight path and altitude trajectory, terrain threats can be avoided to the greatest extent, the success rate of rescue missions can be improved, and the safety of the helicopter and crew can be ensured. |
| Keywords: | Helicopter Emergency Rescue; Task-Driven; Path Planning; Rescue Efficiency |
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