温度变化对空气中水汽的影响分析
山东建筑大学, 热能工程学院, 山东济南 250101
| 摘 要： | 水汽作为含量最丰富的温室气体，对全球变暖有很大的影响。在目前全球变暖的文献资料中，“温度每升高1°C，空气中将能多容纳7%的水汽”得到广泛引述。本文结合焓湿图分析温度上升1°C空气相对湿度和含湿量的变化，对该数据进行验证，结果表明该结论只有在某些特定的温度和相对湿度/含湿量的交点上才能成立。含湿量不变时，温度每升高1°C，空气基础温度越高则所减少的相对湿度差值越小；相对湿度不变时，温度每升高1°C，空气基础温度越高则所增加的含湿量差值越大。相同基础温度时，温度每升高1°C，随着含湿量增加空气所能多容纳的相对湿度差变大，随着相对湿度增加，空气所能多容纳的含湿量差变大。即温度升高1°C时低纬度和潮湿地区的空气可以吸收和容纳的水汽更多。全球变暖影响下，随着温度升高空气中水汽含量也在增加；即使是存在“热岛效应”和“干岛效应”的城市，不仅具有更强的吸湿能力，还具有较高的水汽含量。 |
| 关 键 词： | 水汽; 全球变暖; 相对湿度; 含湿量; 焓湿图 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.jsts.2023.01.001 |
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收稿日期: 2023-06-21
接受日期: 2023-08-22
在线出版日期: 2023-08-29
Analysis of the Impact of Temperature Changes on Water Vapor in the Air
School of Thermal Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China
| Abstract: | Water vapor, as the most abundant greenhouse gas, has a significant impact on global warming. In the current literature on global warming, it is widely cited that 'for every 1°C increase in temperature, the air can accommodate an additional 7% of water vapor'. This article analyzes the changes in relative humidity and moisture content of air when the temperature rises by 1°C using an enthalpy humidity chart, and verifies this data. The results show that this conclusion can only be established at certain specific intersections of temperature and relative humidity/moisture content. When the moisture content remains constant, for every 1°C increase in temperature, the higher the basic air temperature, the smaller the decrease in relative humidity difference; When the relative humidity remains constant, for every 1°C increase in temperature, the higher the basic air temperature, the greater the difference in moisture content. At the same basic temperature, for every 1°C increase, the relative humidity difference that the air can accommodate increases as the humidity content increases. As the relative humidity increases, the difference in humidity that the air can accommodate increases. That is to say when the temperature rises by 1°C, the air in low latitude and humid areas can absorb and hold more water vapor. Under the influence of global warming, the water vapor content in the air also increases as the temperature increases; Even cities with "heat island effect" and "dry island effect" not only have stronger moisture absorption capacity, but also have higher water vapor content. |
| Keywords: | Water Vapor; Global Warming; Relative Humidity; Moisture Content; Enthalpy Hygrogram |
基金
| 1. | 山东省科技型中小企业创新能力提升工程项目 (2022TSGC2566) |
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