低热值气体燃料多孔介质燃烧特性研究
1. 大连理工大学, 能源与动力学院, 辽宁大连 116024
2. 武汉科技大学, 材料与冶金学院, 湖北武汉 430081
| 摘 要： | 低热值气体燃料的利用不仅可以避免排入大气造成环境污染，而且可以节约能源，真正做到节能环保。然而，现有传统燃烧技术很难实现低热值气体燃料稳定燃烧。由于多孔介质燃烧技术具有燃烧效率高、可燃极限宽、燃烧调节比大、污染物排放低等优点，因此选择多孔介质燃烧技术处理并利用低热值气体燃料。利用搭建的多孔介质实验台，选用干熄焦炉尾气作为低热值气体燃料进行实验研究。干熄焦炉尾气由79% N2、10% CO2、7% CO、3% H2以及1% O2组成，热值约为1.2 MJ/Nm3。考察了甲烷掺混比、燃烧当量比、燃烧强度等因素对火焰厚度、燃烧启动特性以及CO排放浓度等关键特性的影响。研究发现：燃烧强度和甲烷掺混比相同时随着当量比的增加，火焰区域的厚度呈现先增大后减小的趋势，启动时间先减少，当量比等于1.0时启动时间增加，随后继续降低；甲烷掺混比为0时，无法维持燃烧；甲烷掺混比对火焰核心区域厚度影响较低，随着甲烷掺混比的降低启动时间显著增加，预热会明显减少启动时间；CO排放浓度对于当量比的变化较为敏感，在各个工况中当量比等于0.7和0.8时CO排放浓度相近，在所有当量比中CO排放量最低，达到0.9时开始骤增；随着甲烷掺混比的降低CO排放浓度降低；CO排放浓度与燃烧强度呈负相关。本实验中NOx排放浓度始终低于10 ppm。 |
| 关 键 词： | 低热值气体燃料; 多孔介质燃烧; 烟气排放特性; 火焰厚度; 燃烧启动特性 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.jest.2025.01.001 |
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收稿日期: 2025-02-17
接受日期: 2025-04-03
在线出版日期: 2025-05-30
Study on Combustion Characteristics of Porous Media of Gaseous Fuels with Low Calorific Value
1. School of Energy and Power, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
2. College of Material and Metallurgy, Wuhan Science and Technology University, Wuhan 430081, China
| Abstract: | The utilization of low calorific value gaseous fuels can not only avoid environmental pollution caused by emissions into the atmosphere, but also save energy and truly achieve energy conservation and environmental protection. However, it is difficult to achieve stable combustion of gaseous fuels with low calorific value with existing traditional combustion technologies. Due to the porous media combustion technology has the advantages of high combustion efficiency, wide flammability limit, large combustion regulation ratio, and low pollutant emission, the porous medium combustion technology is selected to treat and utilize low calorific value gaseous fuels. Using the porous medium test bench, the dry quenching coke oven tail gas was selected as a low calorific value gas fuel for experimental research. The dry quenching coke oven tail gas is composed of 79% N2, 10% CO2, 7% CO, 3% H2 and 1% O2, with a calorific value of about 1.2 MJ/Nm3. The effects of methane blending ratio, combustion equivalent ratio, combustion intensity and other factors on key characteristics such as flame movement and CO emission concentration were investigated. Research has found that when the combustion intensity and methane blending ratio are the same, as the equivalence ratio increases, the thickness of the flame zone shows a trend of first increasing and then decreasing, and the starting time first decreases. When the combustion equivalent ratio is 1.0, the starting time increases and then continues to decrease; When the methane blending ratio is 0, combustion cannot be maintained; The influence of methane blending ratio on the thickness of the flame core area is relatively low. As the methane blending ratio decreases, the start-up time significantly increases, and preheating will significantly reduce the start-up time; The CO emission concentration is sensitive to the change of the equivalent ratio, and the CO emission concentration is similar when the equivalent ratio is equal to 0.7 and 0.8 in each working condition, and the CO emission is the lowest among all equivalent ratios, and begins to increase sharply when it reaches 0.9. In this experiment, the NOx emission concentration was consistently below 10 ppm. |
| Keywords: | Low Calorific Value Gaseous Fuels; Combustion of Porous Media; Flue Gas Emission Characteristics; Flame Thickness; Combustion Start-up Characteristics |
基金
| 1. | 工业炉窑节能低氮多孔介质燃烧技术开发与应用, 辽宁省中央引导地方科技发展重点项目 (自由探索类基础研究), (基金号: 2023JH6/100100020) |
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