硅碳复合材料、电解液添加剂和粘结剂的研究进展
1. 浙江师范大学, 化学与材料科学学院, 浙江金华 321004
2. 浙江衡远新能源科技有限公司, 浙江金华 321017
| 摘 要： | 随新能源汽车市场对续航里程和使用寿命不断增加下，研发高容量锂离子电池新一代硅碳负极材料势在必行，也是近二十年国内外非常活跃的研究领域。本文从硅碳复合材料结构的设计，电解液添加剂和粘结剂的选择等方面进行了重点归纳和综述，分析了不同结构的硅碳复合材料，介绍其在不同程度上解决了硅体积效应大、导电性差、SEI膜不稳定等问题。由于多孔纳米硅具有孔道丰富、能有效释放硅体积变化带来的巨大应力以及缩短锂离子传输距离等优点，多孔硅/碳/石墨多元复合结构被认为是一种有较好前景的复合材料。因此，降低纳米多孔硅多元复合材料的合成成本是将来需要重点攻克的技术堡垒。影响硅碳负极材料电化学综合性能的其它两个重要材料是电解液添加剂和负极粘结剂。研究人员认为采用两种或两种以上的电解液添加剂，能更有效地起到协同作用以弥补单一添加剂在某些方面所存在的缺陷；使用一类新型的自修复粘结剂能很好解决硅碳电极因体积变化引起的材料裂缝和结构损伤等问题，对电池的循环稳定性和速率性能有明显的提升。本文对近年来有关它们的最新研究结果进行了简要总结，并对未来硅基负极材料应用于锂离子电池的研究趋势作了展望。 |
| 关 键 词： | 锂离子电池; 硅碳复合材料; 电解液添加剂; 负极粘结剂 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.jest.2023.04.002 |
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收稿日期: 2023-06-20
接受日期: 2023-08-03
在线出版日期: 2023-08-29
Research Progress on SiC Composite Materials, Electrolyte Additives and Binders of Negative Electrodes
1. School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China
2. Zhejiang Hengyuan New Energy Technology Co., Ltd., Jinhua 321017, China
| Abstract: | With the increasing demand for mileage and lifespan in the E-vehicles, it is imperative to develop a new generation of SiC materials for high-capacity Li-ion batteries, which has also been a very hot research subject both domestically and internationally during the past two decades. This article focuses on the latest progress on SiC composite structures, electrolyte additives and novel binders. By designing SiC composites with different structures, problems such as large volume expansion, poor conductivity, and unstable SEI film of Si-based electrodes can be alleviated effectively. Among them, porous Si/carbon/graphite composites are considered a promising composite structure due to the advantages of rich pore channels, effective release of enormous stress caused by Si volume changes, as well as the shortened distance for lithium ions transport. However, it is a highly challenging task how to reduce the synthesis cost of nano porous silicon and its Si/C/G composites that needs to be focused on in the future. The other two important factors that affect the electrochemical performance of SiC materials are of electrolyte additives and binders. Agreeing to use two or more different additives can more effectively achieve synergistic effects to compensate for the shortcomings of one additive; It is a very interesting self-healing adhesive/binder that can solve the problems of material cracks and structural damage caused by volume changes in SiC electrodes, which can significantly improve the cycling stability and rate capability. This article provides a concise summary of their latest research results in recent years, and prospects for future research trends in the application of Si-based materials in the Li-ion batteries. |
| Keywords: | Lithium-ion Battery; SiC Composite Material; Electrolyte Additive; Binder of Negative Electrode |
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