重塑自我之旅：《杯酒留痕》的文学伦理学解读
武汉工程大学, 外语学院, 湖北武汉 430205
| 摘 要： | 《杯酒留痕》是英国当代作家格雷厄姆•斯威夫特的代表作。斯威夫特致力于描写伦敦本地生活和英国特性，在小说《杯酒留痕》中，主人公的送葬之旅作为主线贯穿全文，揭示了普通伦敦老年市民的苦涩人生以及所面临的种种伦理困境和纷繁复杂的伦理问题。本文运用文学伦理学批评的方法，从伦理语境与历史现场、伦理身份的混乱与非理性伦理选择、伦理秩序的重建三个视角对小说中隐藏的伦理问题进行解读。主人公杰克与埃米伦理责任的缺失促使他们做出了非理性的伦理选择——抛弃女儿与背叛家庭，造成夫妻关系、亲子关系与朋友关系的陌生与疏离，呈现了人与人之间的矛盾和冲突。小说人物伦理反思后积极探寻自我救赎的路径，在送葬过程中通过弥补自身过错来重构了伦理秩序并重建了自我。本文展现现代社会底层人群复杂、矛盾的心理状况和对人生、家庭等伦理主题的深入思考，进一步探究斯威夫特在小说中所隐藏的伦理思想，从而充分实现文学的教诲功能。 |
| 关 键 词： | 格雷厄姆•斯威夫特; 《杯酒留痕》; 文学伦理学; 伦理困境; 伦理选择 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.ha.2024.02.001 |
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收稿日期: 2024-02-02
接受日期: 2024-04-10
在线出版日期: 2024-04-13
A Journey of Self-reconstruction-- An Interpretation of Last Orders from the Perspective of Ethical Literary Criticism
School of Foreign Languages, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
| Abstract: | Last Orders is the representative work of Graham Swift, a contemporary British writer. Swift devotes himself to describing the local life in London and the British characteristics. In the novel, the hero’s funeral journey runs through the whole text, revealing the bitter life of ordinary London elderly citizens, as well as all kinds of ethical dilemmas and complicated ethical problems they face. Using the method of literary ethical criticism, this paper interprets the hidden ethical issues in the novel from three angles: ethical context and historical scene, confusion of ethical identity and Irrational ethical choices, and reconstruction of ethical order. The lack of ethical responsibility of the protagonists Jack and Amy prompted them to make irrational ethical choices-abandoning June and betraying family, resulting in the strangeness and alienation of the relationship between husband and wife, parent-child relationship and friends, showing contradictions and conflicts between people. After ethical reflection, the characters in the novel actively explored the path of self-salvation, and reconstructed the ethical order and rebuilt themselves by making up for their own mistakes during the funeral. This paper shows the complex and contradictory psychological situation of the bottom people in modern society and the deep thinking on ethical topics such as life and family, and further explores the ethical thoughts hidden in Swift’s novels, so as to fully realize the didactic function of literature. |
| Keywords: | Graham Swift; Last Orders; Literary Ethical Criticism; Ethical Dilemma; Ethical Choices |
基金
| 1. | 武汉工程大学第十五届研究生教育创新基金项目 (No. CX2023492) |
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