煤气化装置中黑水角阀典型问题分析及优化
中国石油化工股份有限公司九江分公司, 江西九江 332004
| 摘 要： | GE水煤浆气化装置中，黑水角阀为必不可少的关键设备，其应用环境极为苛刻和恶劣：黑水流经阀体前后，压差高达3.1MPa(G)；黑水通过阀芯的瞬间闪蒸成为气液固三相，组分复杂并且具有强腐蚀性；黑水流过阀芯的速度非常高，对阀芯及阀内件造成的冲刷磨损非常严重；黑水在扩张喇叭口体积膨胀汽化、在筒体底部受阻及温降部分液化，产生气蚀现象造成较大冲击；黑水闪蒸使固含量浓缩，固体灰渣颗粒直接造成设备和管线的强冲刷。黑水闪蒸过程，产生的相变及流体的不稳定性，都会给设备、管道带来较大的振动。煤气化装置闪蒸系统能否稳定运行，黑水角阀起着关键性作用！黑水角阀在运行过程的安全性、稳定性至关重要，黑水闪蒸过程对设备、管道都会构成极大的运行风险。本文重点介绍煤制氢装置投入正常生产运行后，在生产过程中出现的几起典型问题，通过对筒体穿孔、执行机构卡涩、仪表风管及阀杆断裂等问题进行研究分析，琢磨应对措施及解决办法，不断进行工艺优化及技术改进，提高黑水角阀的工作可靠性，从而保障煤气化装置高效稳定运行。 |
| 关 键 词： | 黑水角阀; 阀芯; 阀杆; 腐蚀; 冲刷; 筒体; 磨损; 断裂; 膨胀 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.cse.2024.02.001 |
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收稿日期: 2023-11-19
接受日期: 2024-01-17
在线出版日期: 2024-04-13
Analysis and Optimization of Black Water Angle Valve in Coal Gasification Unit
China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation Jiujiang Branch, Jiujiang 332004, China
| Abstract: | In the GE coal water slurry gasification unit, the black water angle valve is an essential key equipment, and its application environment is extremely harsh and harsh: black water flows through the valve body before and after, with a pressure difference of up to 3.1 MPa (G); Black water undergoes instantaneous flash evaporation through the valve core to form a gas-liquid solid three-phase system, with complex components and strong corrosiveness; The speed of black water flowing through the valve core is very high, causing severe erosion and wear on the valve core and internal components; Black water expands and vaporizes at the expansion bell mouth, is obstructed at the bottom of the cylinder, and partially liquefies due to temperature drop, resulting in cavitation and causing significant impact; Black water flash evaporation concentrates the solid content, and solid ash particles directly cause strong flushing of equipment and pipelines. The phase transition and fluid instability generated during the flash evaporation process of black water can cause significant vibration to equipment and pipelines. The black water angle valve plays a crucial role in ensuring the stable operation of the flash evaporation system in coal gasification equipment! The safety and stability of the black water corner valve during operation are crucial, and the flash evaporation process of black water poses great operational risks to equipment and pipelines. This article focuses on several typical problems that occur during the normal production and operation of the coal hydrogen production unit. Through research and analysis of problems such as cylinder perforation, actuator jamming, instrument air duct and valve stem fracture, countermeasures and solutions are proposed. Continuous process optimization and technical improvement are carried out to improve the reliability of the black water angle valve and ensure the efficient and stable operation of the coal gasification unit. |
| Keywords: | Black Water Angle Valve; Valve Core; Valve Stem; Corrosion; Scour; Cylinder Body; Wear and Tear; Fracture; Expand |
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