中药精油干预2型糖尿病的机制研究进展
1. 江西中医药大学, 药学院, 江西南昌 330004
2. 江西中医药大学, 现代中药制剂教育部重点实验室, 江西南昌 330004
3. 江西中医药大学, 生命科学学院, 江西南昌 330004
| 摘 要： | 2型糖尿病(T2D)是以胰岛素分泌不足及胰岛素抵抗（IR）为主要病因的异质性疾病，且常伴随着并发症的出现。挥发油是从天然植物中提取的具有挥发性的油状液体，具有理气、止痛、抑菌、消炎等多种药理作用。近年来，关于天然植物挥发油及其有效成分治疗2型糖尿病的报道层出不穷，已成为治疗2型糖尿病研究的新方向之一。本文以天然植物挥发油及其有效成分为切入点，综合分析和总结了近年来国内外挥发油治疗2型糖尿病及其并发症的物质基础、作用机制及信号通路，着重阐述了挥发油及其有效成分如香芹酚、丹皮酚、β-石竹烯等等，通过保护胰岛β细胞、抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性、调节肠道菌群丰度及多样性，以及调控葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT4）、腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）、磷脂酰肌醇-3激酶（PI3K）/蛋白激酶B（AKT）信号通路等多种途径抑制IR，多种作用机制改善2型糖尿病，以期为挥发油干预2型糖尿病及新型绿色降糖药的开发提供一些参考和依据。 |
| 关 键 词： | 挥发油; 2型糖尿病; 胰岛素抵抗; MAP; PI3K/AKT |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.cmrd.2022.01.003 |
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收稿日期: 2022-09-13
接受日期: 2022-10-12
在线出版日期: 2022-10-27
Research Progress on the Mechanism of Natural Plant Essential Oil in the Intervention of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
1. Pharmacy College, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
2. Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Herbal Preparations Ministry of Education Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
3. Basic Medical College, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| Abstract: | Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a heterogeneous disease with insulin deficiency and insulin resistance (IR) as the main etiology, and is often accompanied by complications. Volatile oil is a volatile oil liquid extracted from natural plants, which has many pharmacological effects such as regulating qi, relieving pain, inhibiting bacteria and reducing inflammation. In recent years, there have been numerous reports on the treatment of type 2 diabetes by natural plant volatile oil and its effective components, which has become one of the new directions in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. In this paper, the essential oil and its active components of natural plants are taken as the starting point, and the material basis, mechanism and signaling pathway of the essential oil in the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications at home and abroad in recent years are comprehensively analyzed and summarized. The essential oil and its active components such as carvacrol, paeonol, β-caryophylene are emphatically elaborated. IR is inhibited by protecting pancreaticβ-cells, inhibiting α-glucosidase activity, regulating the abundance and diversity of intestinal microbiota, and regulating glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), adenylate activated protein kinase (AMPK), phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways. Various mechanisms of action can improve type 2 diabetes mellitus, in order to provide some reference and basis for the intervention of volatile oil in type 2 diabetes mellitus and the development of new green antidiabetic drugs. |
| Keywords: | Essential Oil; T2DM; IR; MAPK; PI3K/AKT |
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