言和语的关系：自然语言的形式化理解
1. 北京大学, 教师教育发展中心（跨学科知识建模课题组）, 北京 100871
2. 英国布达佩斯国际学院, 鹏哥教学中心（对华招生部）, 匈牙利布达佩斯 1025
| 摘 要： | 本文旨在通过间接形式化的数理逻辑原理实现自然语言的形式化理解，本质是理解言和语的关系。方法是：首先，明确单音节的汉字同时具有语言和文字两种基本属性，英文字母和词素、单词和词组或短语以及句子，属另一种类型的文字和语言；进而，明确混音节的大字符串和小字符串，分属不同的言语；最后，进一步明确单音节的言和混音节的语，不仅有人际交流方面的独特功能，而且也有人机交互乃至在自动化批处理两个方面的独特功能，其特征在于：单音节的汉字满足间接形式化理解的算术进制，即P进制。结果是意外地发现算术和语文在底层序位逻辑和表层联动函数两方面存在刚性约束法则，对于它们的分与合的符号对象而言，却存在广义双语解释或翻译的柔性法则。其意义在于：序位逻辑、联动函数、广义双语或翻译及广义语言，实质上是系统地形式化理解自然语言，建构全球中文测序定位系统的一条优化的途径。 |
| 关 键 词： | 计算机辅助; 汉字汉语研究; 形式化方法; 标准化兼容; 认知计算系统; 语言和文字; 数理逻辑; 算术进制 |
| DOI： | 10.57237/j.cll.2022.01.003 |
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收稿日期: 2022-09-10
接受日期: 2022-10-11
在线出版日期: 2022-10-27
The Relationship Between Language and Speech: Formal Understanding of Natural Symbology
1. Teacher Education Development Center (Interdisciplinary Knowledge Modeling Research Group), Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
2. Peng Ge Learning Center (Admissions Department for China), Budapest British International Academy, Budapest 1025, Hungary
| Abstract: | This paper aims to realize the natural language formal understanding through the mathematical logic principle of indirect formalization for Chinese and its characters, and its essence is to understand the relationship between language and speech. The method is: First, it is clear that monosyllabic Chinese characters have two basic attributes of language and text, English letters and morphemes, words, phrases and sentences, which belong to another type of text and language; It is found that in the past Chinese was regarded as a monosyllabic language and English was regarded as a polysyllabic language which is a complete misjudgment; Finally, it is further clarified that monosyllabic and mixed syllables not only have unique interpersonal communication in Chinese, but also have human-computer interaction and even automated batch processing with uniqueness, its fundamental feature is that the monosyllabic Chinese characters meet a certain arithmetic base that is indirectly formalized, that is, the typical P base. Its result is that, it was unexpectedly discovered that arithmetic and language have rigid constraints on the underlying sequence-position logic and surface linkage functions, but there are flexible rules for broad interpretation or translation for the symbolic objects of their division and combination. Its significance lies in: sequence-position logic, linkage function, generalized bilingual or translation or language, in essence, from the macroscopic global to the microscopic local, to systematically and formally understand natural language, especially to thoroughly understand the relationship between language and speech, namely: Global Chinese Sequencing and Positioning System. |
| Keywords: | Computer Aided; Formal Methods; Chinese Character Studies; Compatibility of Standardization; Cognitive Computing Systems; Linguistics and Philology; Mathematical Logic; Arithmetic System |
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