Income Redistribution Mechanisms of the Basic Medical Insurance System in the Context of Common Prosperity
College of Finance and Economics, Sichuan International Studies University, Chongqing 400031, China
| Abstract: | In the context of common prosperity, how the basic medical insurance system can effectively perform its income redistribution function and narrow income gaps has become an important issue in the field of social security. This paper systematically examines the income redistribution mechanisms of the basic medical insurance system, clarifies its conceptual foundations and core value principles, and analyzes its operating mechanisms from three dimensions: financing, benefit compensation, and management system. The findings show that, in terms of financing, the proportional contribution model has a stronger redistributive effect than the fixed-amount contribution model. However, the minimum and maximum contribution bases and the existence of individual accounts weaken the progressivity of the system. In terms of benefit compensation mechanisms, the deductible threshold, maximum reimbursement limit, reimbursement scope, and settlement methods jointly affect the actual reimbursement rate. Unreasonable benefit designs may constrain low-income groups' access to medical services and create implicit barriers to medical care access. Under liquidity constraints, the advance payment followed by reimbursement (APFBR) method exerts a significant deterrent effect on medical-care seeking behavior among low-income groups, thereby weakening the system's income redistribution function. In terms of the management system, institutional fragmentation and low pooling levels are key structural factors that constrain redistributive effectiveness. Based on this analysis, the paper proposes policy recommendations, including establishing a dynamic financing mechanism linked to income levels, implementing differentiated reimbursement policies for vulnerable groups, promoting institutional integration, and raising pooling levels. These recommendations provide theoretical insights and policy implications for strengthening the redistribution function of the basic medical insurance system and promoting common prosperity in the new era. |
| Keywords: | Common Prosperity; Basic Medical Insurance System; Income Redistribution Mechanism |
| DOI: | 10.57237/j.wjeb.2026.02.001 |
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Received: 7 June 2026
Accepted: 22 June 2026
Published Online: 20 July 2026
Funding
| 1. | Chongqing Social Science Planning Doctoral Program (No. 2021BS082) |
| 2. | Chongqing Graduate Research and Innovation Program (No.CYS260715) |
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