Effects of Concentration and Surfactant on the Dynamics of SiO2 Nanodroplets During Evaporation
School of Aeronautical Engineering, Shandong University of Aeronautics, Binzhou 256600, China
| Abstract: | As a novel functional fluid, silicon dioxide (SiO2) nanofluid has attracted growing attention due to the performance limitations of conventional fluids (e.g., water and oil) in thermal conduction, lubrication, and other applications. However, the impact behaviors and underlying mechanisms of SiO2 nanofluid droplets on high-temperature surfaces remain poorly understood. This study employs experimental approaches to investigate the evaporation characteristics of SiO2 nanofluid droplets with different concentrations, both in the presence and absence of surfactants. Additionally, the dynamic impact behaviors of these droplets on 7050 aluminum alloy plates at the Leidenfrost temperature are explored. The results demonstrate that higher concentration of SiO2 nanoparticles accelerates the evaporation kinetics of the solution. The addition of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) surfactant reduces the surface tension of the solution, thereby promoting the evaporation process. Moreover, SiO2 nanofluid solutions with SDS exhibit a lower Leidenfrost temperature compared to those without SDS. The dynamic processes of SiO2 nanofluid droplet impact at the Leidenfrost temperature involve the following stages, which are initial deposition, radial spreading, axial retraction, first rebound, secondary contact, sustained bouncing, and eventual stable evaporation. This study is conducive to a deeper understanding of the evaporation characteristics and impact dynamics of SiO2 nanofluids under specific conditions. And it can provide a theoretical basis for their practical application in related engineering fields such as heat transfer and cooling systems. |
| Keywords: | Nanofluid Droplet; Impact; Evaporation; Surfactant; Leidenfrost Temperature |
| DOI: | 10.57237/j.mater.2025.03.001 |
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Received: 9 July 2025
Accepted: 6 August 2025
Published Online: 9 September 2025
Funding
| 1. | 山东省高等学校“青创团队计划”项目 (基金号: 2023KJ275) |
| 2. | 山东省大学生创新创业训练项目 (基金号: S202410449009) |
| 3. | 山东航空学院研究生创新基金 (基金号: SHSYCX18) |
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